Erdgeist written by Frank Wedekind and produced at the Kammerspielen, Berlin, with Wedekind and his young wife Tilly, in 1913

   A scene from Erdgeist written by the German playwright Frank Wedekind (1864 - 1918) and produced at the Kammerspielen, Berlin, with Wedekind and his young wife Tilly, in 1913.

The playwright Frank Wedekind with his wife Tilly in a scene from the play "Der Erdgeist" at the Berliner Kammerspiele in 1913.

   After numerous adaptations, mainly aimed at a more sympathetic reception, the two dramas were reunited in 1913 in the "Lulu" tragedy. In this arrangement, the third act of the earth spirit and the first act of Pandora's box are missing. However, the world premiere of the complete version of Lulu did not take place until 1988 at the Deutsches Schauspielhaus in Hamburg under the direction of Peter Zadek. Susanne Lothar played Lulu.

Götterdämmerung (Twilight of the Gods), by Richard Wagner, and premiered at Staatsoper Berlin on June 13, 1913.

   Scenes from Götterdämmerung (Twilight of the Gods), by Richard Wagner, and premiered at Staatsoper Berlin on June 13, 1913.

   Götterdämmerung, is the last of the four epic music dramas that constitute Richard Wagner's cycle Der Ring des Nibelungen (The Ring of the Nibelung). 

 (from left) Lilly Hafgren-Waag as Gudrune, Paul Knuepfer as Hagen, Hermann Wiedemann as Gunter

Act I,  - Siegfried takes the magic drink - 

A performance of Wagner’s “Götterdämmerung.” 1917

Festspiel in Deutschen Reimen (c1917) written by Gerhart Hauptmann, directed by Max Reinhardt and stage-designed by Ernst Sitern in 1913

   A scene from Festspiel in Deutschen Reimen (first published c. 1917) written by the German playwright Gerhart Hauptmann (1862-1946), directed by Max Reinhardt (Austria-born 1873-1943) and stage-designed by Ernst Sitern (German scenic designer 1876-1954) in May and June of 1913.

   Festspiel in deutschen Reimen (Festival in German Rhymes) is a festival by Gerhart Hauptmann, which was premiered on 31 May 1913 in the Jahrhunderthalle in Breslau, directed by Max Reinhardt. The occasion for the commissioned work was the centenary of the Wars of Liberation.

Festspiel in deutschen Reimen 1913

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Oh! I Say (Parisian farce) at the Criterion Theatre, London, on 28 May 1913.

Scenes from Oh! I Say (Parisian farce) at the Criterion Theatre, London, on 28 May 1913, starring Robert Averell, but during the run he became ill and died suddenly in October that year, when his part was taken over by Ronald Squire.

The Perfect Gentleman written by W. Somerset Maugham (1874-1965), and produced at His Majesty Theatre, London, from 27th May to June, 1913.

Characters in the play The Perfect Gentleman written by the British playwright W. Somerset Maugham (1874-1965), and produced at His Majesty Theatre, London, from 27th May to June, 1913.

Ben Fields seen here as the "Dancing Master" in The Perfect Gentleman at His Majesty Theatre June 1913

A. E. George seen here as the "Music Master" in The Perfect Gentleman at His Majesty Theatre, June 1913

Roy Byford "Master of Philosophy" in The Perfect Gentleman

Mabel Roy in a scene from the 1913 London Stage production of The Perfect Gentleman at His Majesty's Theatre, May 1913 

Bürger Schippel (1913) written by Carl Sternheim and produced at the Kammerspielen des Deutschen Theaters in Berlin under the direction of Max Reinhardt on March 5, 1913

   A scene from Bürger Schippel (Citizen Schippel, 1913) written by the German playwright Carl Sternheim (1878 - 1942) and produced under the direction of Max Reinhardt (1873 -1943) at the Kammerspielen des Deutschen Theaters, Berlin, on March 5, 1913.

   This play remains popular in Germany, but along with Sternheim's other works, it is rarely performed in the English language.

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Franziska (1911) written by Frank Wedekind and produced at the Königsstädtische Theater in Berlin in 1913

   A scene from Franziska (modern Mystery in five acts of 1911, first produced in Munich in 1912) written by the German playwright Frank Wedekind (1864 - 1918) and produced by Max Reinhardt (Austria-born theatre director, 1873 - 1943) at the Königsstädtische Theater, Berlin, in 1913.

   Franziska was first performed at the Kammerspiele, Munich, in November 1912, with Wedekind's wife Tilly in the title role and Wedekind himself as Veit Kunz. The director was Eugen Robert. The play was mounted again in Berlin a year later, with the same principals, in a production by Max Reinhardt.

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